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Glossary of Terms Used in This Book

+ (plus sign): In current, the terminal from which conventional current flows (see chapter 2). In static electricity it is a positive charge, i.e., an atom that has I less electron in it than it should have (see chapter 6)

- (minus sign): In current, the terminal to which conventional current flows (see chapter 2). In static electricity it is a negative charge, i.e., an electron not connected with an atom (see chapter 6).

AC: Abbreviation for Alternating Current (see chapter 2).

alternating current: Current that first flows in one direction and then reverses. It then repeats this action (see chapter 2).

ammeter: A meter that measures current (see chapter 2 and Appendix 1).

ampere: The basic unit of current. One ampere equals the flow of about 6-billion-billion electrons past a point in l second (see chapter 2).

amp: Abbreviation for ampere (see chapter 2).

anus: The mouth of the rectum – in popular parlance, the asshole.

atom: In chemistry the smallest unit of matter. It is composed of a central nucleus and surrounded by electrons moving in orbits like the planets around the sun.

battery: An electrochemical device that produces direct current.

ВDSM: An umbrella term that encompasses B&D (bondage and discipline), D&S (dominance and submission) and S/M (sadomasochism).

bladder: Part of the body’s waste elimination system – the bag that collects the urine and passes it out through the urethra (see chapter 9).

blowing a fuse: When a certain level of current passes through a fuse, the metal conductor inside the fuse melts, thereby interrupting the flow of current (see chapter 7).

cardiopulmonary resuscitation: An emergency method, taught by the Red Cross and other agencies, to provide for assisted breathing and pumping of blood for victims of heart failure (see chapter 10). It only provides temporary assistance until Emergency Medical Responders can provide medical care for the patient. It is highly recommended that it be learned by people who do electrical play.

cell: A basic unit of living matter. Human beings have billions of cells (see chapter 9).

circuit breaker: A device that will interrupt the flow of current, Circuit breakers can respond to many things 1 but almost always will act when the current through it is too high. Circuit breakers can be reset (see chapter 7).

circuit protection device: Any device such as a circuit breaker or a fuse that will interrupt the flow of current under certain conditions – usually when there is too much current (see chapter 7).

conductor: Any material that has a low resistance (see chapter 2) + conventional current: Current that by convention flows from + to - (see chapter 2).

CPR: Abbreviation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (see chapter 10).

current: The flow of electrons, ions, or positive charges (see chapter 2).

current density: The current that flows across a unit area of material (see chapter 2).

DC: Abbreviation for Direct Current (see chapter 2).

DC adapter: A device that converts 120 volts AC from a household outlet to a low voltage DC (see chapter 8). It is often used to substitute for batteries in portable electronic equipment.

Dermis: The layer of skin that is below the epidermis (see chapter 9). This often has a low resistance – 50 to 2,000 ohms.

diaphragm: The muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps operate the lungs, i.e., breathing (see chapter 12).

Diathermy machine: A machine used in the medical treatment of arthritis and muscular pain sufferers. It uses radio waves to produce a heating effect inside the body (see chapter 14).

direct current: Current that flows in only one direction (see chapter 2).

disassociation: The chemical process that happens when molecules are placed in water or other material which causes the molecule to separate into ions (see chapter 11).

displacement current: The temporary current that exists when charges move because of being attracted or repelled in a material but not continuously (see chapter 8).

E: Abbreviation for voltage (see chapter 2).

electric field: In physics a “field” is an area or volume of physical space where a phenomenon can be measured. In an electric field the phenomenon would generally be a voltage (see chapter 2).

electrocution: What happens to a human or animal when subjected to dangerous currents (see chapter 12).

electron: The part(s) of an atom that orbit(s) the atom’s nucleus. Electrons can free themselves from some atoms to become negative charges.

electromagnetic interference: The interference to broadcast radio and TV signals due to faulty high frequency transmitters such as diathermy machines, automobile Ignition systems, or high voltage sparking generators (see chapter 6).

electron current: The physical flow of electrons (see chapter 2). Electron current flows in the opposite direction as conventional current, i.e., from - to +.

EMI: Abbreviation for electromagnetic interference (see chapter 6).

epidermis: The name for the outer layer of skin (see chapter 9). The epidermis generally has high resistance of from 10,000 to 1,000,000 ohms.

equivalent circuit: A simpler circuit that can replace a more complex one and yet still measures the same value(s) for current(s) or voltage(s) as the more complex circuit (see chapter 2).

fault current: The current that results when there is a short or other fault in an electric or electronic circuit (see chapter 7).

frequency: The number of instances per unit time – such as I second – that an AC current or voltage will change from the start of one direction through a reversal and then back to the start of the first direction (see chapter 2).

fuse: A device that will interrupt the flow of current. Fuses blow when the current through it is too high. Fuses cannot be reset f they must be replaced (see chapter 7).

GFI circuit breaker: Abbreviation for Ground Fault Interrupt circuit breaker (see below and chapter 7).

ground: A current path through the earth. It is often used to provide electrical safety protection (see chapter 7).

ground (wire): The wire that is connected to ground. In the US the color of this wire is often green (see chapter 7).

Ground Fault Interruptor: A circuit breaker that interrupts the flow of current through it not only by having too much current flow through it but also by having more than 5 ma (milliamps) flowing in the ground wire. GFI circuit breakers can be reset and also tested (see chapter 7).

grounding: To ground one side of an electrical or electronic circuit. It also applies to connecting a metal electrical box (normally not having current flow through it) to ground for purposes of electrical safety (see chapter 7).

heart: The extremely important organ in the human body that pumps blood through the circulatory system. The heart is especially sensitive to dangerous currents inside the body that may result from poorly done electrical play (see chapter 9).

Hertz: The basic unit of measuring frequency (see chapter 2).

horny layer: Another name for the skin’s epidermis layer (see chapter 9).

hot (wire): The wire that is connected to the “hot” (ungrounded) side of a power company’s line (see chapter 7). In the US t this wire is usually black (or red if it goes through a switch) in color.

Hz: Abbreviation for Hertz (see chapter 2).

I: Abbreviation for current (see chapter 2).

Insulator: Any material that has a high resistance (see chapter 2).

interrupted DC: A DC current that is periodically or randomly interrupted, but never reversed (see chapter 2).

ion: An atom that has either an excess or a deficiency of electrons.

isolation transformer: A transformer that can isolate the circuit on the secondary side from the circuit on the primary side. This generally applies to grounds but not always (see chapter 8).

Jacob’s Ladder: A high voltage, AC device that looks like two metal rods arranged thus: \ /. A spark starts at the bottom, narrower section of the rods and travels up the rods until it’s extinguished.

Kirchhoff‘s Law: One of the two important electrical laws needed to understand electric circuits and electrical play (see chapter 2).

lactic acid: A common name for the waste product produced by working muscle cells. It is responsible for “aching” muscles (see chapter 9) Also known as pyruvic acid.

let-go current: The value of current whereby the subject cannot release his or her grasp from the conductor. The muscles are in tetany (see chapter 12).

model: An approximation of an actual, real world phenomenon used to study or understand that phenomenon. Because it is an approximation, it has limits as to its usefulness.

molecule: A combination of two or more atoms that makes up a chemical substance.

mucous membrane: A membrane found inside the body in such areas as inside the nose, the vaginal sheath, the anal sheath, etc. Its purpose is as a protective defense against disease organisms getting inside the body (see chapter 9).

multi meter: A multipurpose meter that combines the functions of a voltmeter, an ammeter, and an ohmeter (see Appendix 1).

muscle: A collective structure of muscle cells used to move a limb or an organ in the human body (see chapter 9).

muscle cell: A ceil whose function is to contract when receiving a nerve or chemical signal (see chapter 9).

negative ions: Ions that carry a negative charge, i.e., they have an excess of electrons.

nerve: A continuous string of nerve cells that runs along a specific path in the body and serves a specific neural function.

nerve cell: A cell whose function is to electrochemically transmit a signal (see chapter 9).

neutral (wire): The wire that is connected to the grounded side of a power company’s line (see chapter 7) + In the US this wire is usually white in color.

Ohm’s Law: One of the two important electrical laws needed to understand electric circuits and electrical play (see chapter 2). Often cited as E=IR.

ohmmeter: A meter that measures resistance (see chapter 2 and Appendix 1).

ohm: The unit of resistance (see chapter 2).

opening a circuit: The act of interrupting the current flowing in an electric or electronic circuit by physically breaking or “opening” a conductor in the circuit (see chapter 7). This is what a fuse or a circuit breaker does.

pacemaker: Those several collections of nerve cells whose function it is to regulate the beating of the heart (see chapter 10). It also applies to the electronic device that is implanted in some patients that have heart problems. Pacemakers can be affected by electrical play.

physics: The study of physical phenomena such as electricity, mechanics, nuclear energy, etc. (see chapter 1).

physiology: The study of the functions and processes in living organisms (see chapter 1).

pole: Another name given to the terminals of a battery or a DC power supply. They can be positive or negative poles.

positive ions: Ions that carry a positive charge, i.e. t that have a deficiency of electrons.

primary (winding/side [of a transformer]): The side or winding of a transformer that is usually connected to a voltage source such as an AC generator (see chapter 8).

psychology: The study of the mental and/or emotional processes in a human being or other animal (see chapter 1).

pulse: A signal (usually DC) where the current is at first allowed to flow and then it is interrupted. This can be done as a single pulse or repeated (see chapter 10).

pulsed DC: A DC signal where the current is periodically interrupted (see chapter 2).

R: Abbreviation for resistance (see chapter 2).

rectifier: An electrical or electronic device that converts AC to DC or to pulsed DC (see chapter 8).

rectum: Part of the body’s waste elimination system. A tube approximately six inches long, it is the final organ through which fecal waste passes out of the body (see chapter 9).

resistance: The property of a material that restricts the amount of current that will flow through it for any given voltage (see chapter 2).

secondary (winding/side [of a transformer]): The side or winding of a transformer that is usually connected to a load such as a resistance, light bulb, motor, etc. (see chapter 8).

sensory nerve: Those nerves that sense pain, light touch, pressure, heat, cold, and position (see chapter 9).

short: Another name for a short circuit (see chapter 7).

short circuit: The condition when there is an accidental low resistance between a power wire and the return wire or ground (see chapter 7). This usually results in abnormally high currents that will blow fuses or trip circuit breakers.

signal threshold: The minimum amount of signal – pressure, heat, pain, electrical, chemical – that a nerve cell needs in order to send a signal down its length (see chapter 9).

skin cell: Those cells that comprise the dermis or epidermis of human skin (see chapter 9).

static electricity: That form of electricity that is usually associated with the accumulation or deficiency of electrons and positive charges (see chapter 5).

stepdown transformer: A transformer where the secondary voltage is less than the primary voltage (see chapter 8).

stepup transformer: A transformer where the secondary voltage is greater than the primary voltage (see chapter 8).

synapse: The gap that exists between connecting nerve ceils. They are often an important part of the functioning of the nerve. Transmission of nerve signals across the synapse is chemical (see chapter 9).

TENS Units: The electronic device that is used as a Trans Epidermal Neural Stimulator (see below and chapter 14)

terminal: One of the connections to a battery, generator, or other electrical device.

tetany: A condition in which muscles contract tightly and cannot spontaneously relax.

three prong plug/outlet: The plug and outlet used in more modern household wiring. It contains a conductor for the hot wire, the neutral wire, and the ground wire (see chapter 7).

Trans Epidermal Neural Stimulator (TENS): An electronic device that sends currents through the epidermis of the skin for the purpose of stimulating the sensory nerves in the skin (see chapter 4).

transformer: An electro-magnetic device used for AC that can transform a voltage on the primary side to a different voltage on the secondary side (see chapter 8).

transformer ratio: The ratio of the secondary voltage to the primary voltage or the primary current to the secondary current (see chapter 8).

tripping a circuit breaker: When a certain level of current passes through a circuit breaker, the switch inside the fuse opens thereby interrupting the flow of current (see chapter 7).

urethra: That sheath in the penis or between the labia that allows the urine to be expelled from the bladder to the outside of the body (see chapter 9), Known in casual conversation as the peehole or pisshole. In men the urethra also conducts the sperm from the testes to outside the body.

vagina: The sheath in the female that is part (often a delightful one) of the reproductive system (see chapter 9, p. 69, fig. 27).

Van DeGraff generator: A high voltage generator that generates static electricity by stripping electrons off a mechanically moving belt.

volt-ohm-milliammeter: A mufti purpose meter that combines the functions of a voltmeter, an ammeter and an ohmmeter (see Appendix 1).

voltage: A mechanical force that has the potential to move electrical charges (see chapter 2).

voltage gradient: The different voltages that can be found at different places in an electric field. Voltage gradients are often non linear (see chapter 2).

voltmeter: A meter that measures voltage (see chapter 2 and Appendix 1)

volts: The unit of voltage (see chapter 2).

VOM: Abbreviation for volt-ohm-milliammeter (see Appendix 1).

Vulva: The female genitals, including the mons veneris, clitoris, labia majora and minora, and vagina. Familiarly, the cunt or pussy.